CHRONIC TOXICITY OF 14 PHTHALATE ESTERS TO DAPHNIA MAGNA AND RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS)

The 144-h LC50 (95% fiducial limits) of arsenite for 4.5-g rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was 18.5 (17.9–19.1) mg∙L−1. In a pair-fed growth study which exposed trout to 0.0, 0.76, 2.48, or 9.64 mg arsenite∙L−1 over 17 wk, growth was significantly reduced (by 55%) only at 9.64 mg∙L−1. The reduction was attributable to both reduced appetite (primarily) and direct metabolic impact (marginally). Fish at 9.64 mg∙L−1 suffered 10% mortality, usually associated with necrotic erosion of the mandibular and olfactory regions of the head. All fish exposed to 9.64 mg∙L−1 showed inflammation of the gallbladder wall, a lesion absent at lower exposure concentrations. There were no arsenite impacts on hepato- and splenosomatic index, hematocrit, hemoglobin, total plasma lipid, cholesterol, and protein or brain concentrations of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. Exposure to 0.0, 0.76, 2.48, and 9.64 mg arsenite∙L−1 for 26 wk resulted in mean (SE) equilibrium whole-body As concentrations of 0.3 (0.02), 0.2 (0.02), 0.4 (0.10), and 1.7 (0.40) μg As∙g wet weight−1, respectively, No depuration below these concentrations occurred during a 12-d period in arsenite-free water. The threshold of chronic toxicity was estimated to be 4.9 mg∙L−1.

Download Full-text

Effect of acute and chronic toxicity of paraquat on immune system and growth performance in rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss

Aquaculture Research ◽

10.1111/are.12118 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Amir Tukmechi ◽

Jafar Rezaee ◽

Vahid Nejati ◽

Najmeh Sheikhzadeh

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Acute And Chronic Toxicity

Download Full-text

INFLUENCE OF WATER QUALITY ON SILVER TOXICITY TO RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS), FATHEAD MINNOWS (PIMEPHALES PROMELAS), AND WATER FLEAS (DAPHNIA MAGNA)

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ◽

10.1897/1551-5028(1999)018<0063:iowqos>2.3.co;2 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 63 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Daniel J. Karen ◽

David R. Ownby ◽

Barry L. Forsythe ◽

Todd P. Bills ◽

Thomas W. La Point ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Daphnia Magna ◽

Pimephales Promelas ◽

Fathead Minnows ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Influence Of Water ◽

Silver Toxicity

Download Full-text

Summary of Case Studies Investigating the Causes of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Regulatory Toxicity

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.2004.016 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 93-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tibor Kovacs ◽

Sharon Gibbons ◽

Brian O'Connor ◽

Pierre Martel ◽

Michael Paice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

Daphnia Magna ◽

Paper Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper ◽

Pulp And Paper Mill ◽

Pulp And Paper Mills ◽

Paper Mills ◽

Paper Mill Effluent ◽

Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Abstract In Canada, effluents from pulp and paper mills are regulated for toxicity. The regulation requires ≥50% survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to full-strength (i.e., 100%) effluent for 96 h in tests that must be conducted monthly. The regulation also calls for ≥50% survival of Daphnia magna exposed to 100% effluent for 48 h in weekly monitoring tests. Every year, about 10 to 25% of the mills exceed the regulatory limit at least once in tests with either rainbow trout or Daphnia magna. Between 1996 and 2003, we investigated 84 such cases from 32 mills. Of the 84 investigations, 49 involved only trout, 29 involved only Daphnia, and six involved both species. We identified the actual cause of toxicity in 70% of the cases and partially or tentatively identified the toxicant(s) in 17% more. In the cases involving only trout, the most frequent causes of toxicity were related to biotreatment performance (e.g., ammonia). In the cases involving only Daphnia, the most frequent cause of toxicity seemed to be related to polymeric formulations. For those cases involving both trout and Daphnia, the cause of toxicity was traced to more than one compound or to excess concentrations of a specific compound resulting from a spill or biotreatment-related problems.

Download Full-text